Which muscles are primarily responsible for hip abduction?

• A. Gluteus medius and gluteus minimus
• B. Gluteus maximus
• C. Sartorius
• D. Tensor fasciae latae

Answer: (A)

Hip abduction is primarily performed by the gluteus medius and gluteus minimus. These muscles sit on the outer side of the hip and attach to the greater trochanter of the femur. When they contract, they pull the thigh away from the midline and help stabilize the pelvis during walking, which is a key function of hip abduction.

The gluteus maximus is mainly involved in hip extension and external rotation, not the primary abductor. The sartorius crosses the hip and knee and assists in multiple movements, including some abduction, but it is not the main abductor. The tensor fasciae latae can aid in abduction, especially when the hip is flexed, and helps with pelvic stabilization, but again it is not the primary mover for hip abduction.